In Ohio, part of the 4th grade science standards relates to being able to understand how forces like erosion shape the surface of the Earth. In my district, 4th grade science teachers have these resources called "stream tables" that let us design experiments in which the kids can "see erosion in action." While setting and cleaning up these labs quite be quite cumbersome (imagine about a zillion grains of a sand/clay mixture floating around your classroom for months, kind of like the pine needles of your Christmas tree that miraculously appear in the middle of your living room in July) the excitement generated by water laying waste to a model plateau is rather hard to beat.
Basically, the kids level the earth then with the aid of a cup with a strategically placed hole pour water onto their plateaus and watch what happens. Over the course of the roughly 10 minutes the water is running a minuture river begins to do its magic by carving out a canyon and creating a massive delta.
During the time the kids are observing, recording notes and taking pictures or making mini movies, I stop by the groups and listen in on their conversations and provide some clarification in their thinking. Below is a list of a few quotes and scenes that happened this week:
- "Whoa! Look at how fast the water is moving through the channel. It's like my little brother on his way to the bathroom."
- "So we just saw this tiny little sand canyon being made in about 10 minutes, it's no wonder it took millions of years to make the Grand Canyon."
- "I wonder what would happen if we brought in a hair dryer. Do you think we could make some mini hoodoos in our canyon?
- "If we have two cups (of streaming water), I bet we could make a mega canyon"
- Picture a dissapointed group who was the last to have delta formation carefully studying their plateau in silence as the rest of the groups are busy chatting about their deltas. Then from across the room in unison, "YEEESSSSSSS!" when the water finally cleared the edge of the plateau and the delta began to form. This was immediately followed by one boy yelling. "WE GOT A DELTA! WHOOHOOOO!"
- "So yesterday when the sand was bone dry we had 500 mL of runoff (each group got 1 liter of water to start) and today we have 800 mL of runoff. Tomorrow I wonder if the plateau will be able to absorb any water at all"
- "This is so awesome, I wish we could do this everyday"
Not being a scientist by trade I am really not sure if building sand canyons and running water across them is a solid model for how water can shape the surface of the earth, but as a teacher of 4th graders I do know the excitement of doing these relatively simple experiments help the kids understand some fairly complicated ideas. I can't imagine trying to teach all of the concepts I am supposed to teach in this unit by just using textbooks, website articles or even movie clips. Part of me thinks the reason these experiments spark so much joy and wonder is that in an era where 10 year-olds are expected to learn and synthesize scientific processes that most adults can't articulate well, playing with sand and water is just good old-fashioned fun.
Later,
Tony
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